Frequently Asked Questions About NSAIDs
What are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?
NSAIDs are medicines that are used to treat pain and redness, swelling, and heat (inflammation) from medical conditions such as
What is the most important information I should know about NSAID medicine?
NSAIDs may increase the chance of a heart attack or stroke that can lead to death. This chance increases
- With longer use of NSAID medicines
- In people who have heart disease
NSAID medicines should never be used right before or after a heart surgery called a “coronary artery bypass graft” (CABG).
NSAID medicines can cause ulcers and bleeding in the stomach and intestines at any time during treatment. Ulcers and bleeding
- Can happen without warning symptoms
- May cause death
The chance of a person getting an ulcer or bleeding increases with
- Taking blood thinning medicines or medicines called steroids
- Longer use
- Smoking
- Drinking alcohol
- Older age
- Having poor health
NSAID medicines should only be used
- Exactly as prescribed
- At the lowest dose possible for your treatment
- For the shortest time needed
Who should not take an NSAID?
Do not take an NSAID medicine
- If you had an asthma attack, hives, or other allergic reaction with aspirin or any other NSAIDs
- For pain right before or after heart bypass surgery
Tell your healthcare professional
- About all of your medical conditions
- About all of the medicines you take. NSAIDs and some other medicines can interact with each other and cause serious side effects. Keep a list of your medicines to show to your healthcare professional and pharmacist
- If you are pregnant. NSAID medicines should not be used by pregnant women late in their pregnancy
- If you are breast-feeding. Talk to your healthcare professional
What are the possible side effects of NSAIDs?
Serious side effects include
- Heart attack
- Stroke
- High blood pressure
- Heart failure from body swelling (fluid retention)
- Kidney problems including kidney failure
- Bleeding and ulcers in the stomach and intestine
- Low red blood cells (anemia)
- Life-threatening skin reactions
- Life-threatening allergic reactions
- Liver problems including liver failure
- Asthma attacks in people who have asthma
Other side effects include
- Stomach pain
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Gas
- Heartburn
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Dizziness
Get emergency help right away if you have any of the following symptoms:
- Shortness of breath or trouble breathing
- Chest pain
- Weakness in one part or side of your body
- Slurred speech
- Swelling of the face or throat
Stop your NSAID medicine and call your healthcare professional right away if you have any of the following:
- Nausea
- More tired or weaker than usual
- Itching
- Your skin or eyes look yellow
- Stomach pain
- Flu-like symptoms
- Vomit blood
- There is blood in your bowel movement or it is black and sticky like tar
- Unusual weight gain
- Skin rash or blisters with fever
- Swelling of the arms and legs, hands and feet
These are not all the side effects of NSAID medicines. Talk to your healthcare professional or pharmacist for more information about NSAID medicines.
Other information about NSAIDs
- Aspirin is an NSAID medicine but it does not increase the chance of a heart attack. Aspirin can cause bleeding in the brain, stomach, and intestines. Aspirin can also cause ulcers in the stomach and intestines
- Some of these NSAID medicines are sold in lower doses without a prescription (over-the-counter). Talk to your healthcare professional before using over-the-counter NSAIDs for more than 10 days
NSAID medicines that need a prescription
| Generic Name | Trade Name |
| Celecoxib | Celebrex® |
| Diclofenac | FLECTOR® Patch, Cataflam®, Voltaren®, Arthrotec® (combined with misoprostol) |
| Diflunisal | Dolobid® |
| Etodolac | Lodine®, Lodine® XL |
| Fenoprofen | Nalfon®, Nalfon® 200 |
| Flurbiprofen | Ansaid® |
| Ibuprofen | Motrin®, Advil®, Tab-Profen®, Vicoprofen® (combined with hydrocodone), Combunox® (combined with oxycodone) |
| Indomethacin | Indocin®, Indocin® SR, Indo-Lemmon®, Indomethagan® |
| Ketoprofen | Oruvail® |
| Ketorolac | Toradol® |
| Mefenamic Acid | Ponstel® |
| Meloxicam | Mobic® |
| Nabumetone | Relafen® |
| Naproxen | Naprosyn®, Anaprox®, Anaprox® DS, EC-Naproxyn®, Naprelan®, Naprapac® (copackaged with lansoprazole) |
| Oxaprozin | Daypro® |
| Piroxicam | Feldene® |
| Sulindac | Clinoril® |
| Tolmetin | Tolectin®, Tolectin® DS, Tolectin® 600 |

